Elusive electron-phonon coupling in quantitative analyses of the spectral function

We examine multiple techniques for extracting information from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data, and test them against simulated spectral functions for electron-phonon coupling. We find that, in the low-coupling regime, it is possible to extract self-energy and bare-band parameters through a self-consistent Kramers-Kronig bare-band fitting routine. We also show that the effective coupling parameters deduced from the renormalization of quasiparticle mass, velocity, and spectral weight are momentum dependent and, in general, distinct from the true microscopic coupling; the latter is thus not readily accessible in the quasiparticle dispersion revealed by ARPES.Comment: A high-resolution version can be found at http://www.physics.ubc.ca/~quantmat/ARPES/PUBLICATIONS/Articles/KKBF.pd

Sequence and Emphasis in Automated Domain-Independent Discourse Generation

For humans to gain comprehensive views of large amounts of repository contents, they need to have insight into the relations among information objects. It is a challenge to automatically generate presentations of repository contents, through, for example, search results, which reveal such relations to readers. Such presentations must reflect properties of information objects such that large sets of information objects appear as a coherent whole. An approach to this is generation of discourse structures that convey such properties of information objects in presentations. Semantic Web technology provides a conceptual basis for generation of discourse in Web-based information environments. This paper describes automatic generation of sequence and emphasis in presentations of information objects. It shows generation of object sequences and emphasis in accordance with a user input of relevance of information attributes in our Topia architecture. The resulting presentations allow users to encounter informati

Attentional avoidance of high-fat food in unsuccessful dieters

Using the exogenous cueing task, this study examined whether restrained and disinhibited eaters differ in their orientation of attention towards and their difficulty to disengage from high versus low-fat food pictures in a relatively short (500 ms) and a long presentation format (1500 ms). Overall, participants in the 500 ms condition showed a tendency to direct attention away from high-fat food pictures compared to neutral pictures. No differential pattern was evident for the 1500 ms condition. Correlational analysis revealed that reduced engagement with high-fat food was particularly pronounced for disinhibited eaters. Although in the short term this seems an adaptive strategy, it may eventually become counterproductive, as it could hinder habituation and learning to cope with seductive characteristics of high-fat food. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Sequence and emphasis in automated domain-independent discourse generation

For humans to gain comprehensive views of large amounts of repository contents, they need to have insight into the relations among information objects. It is a challenge to automatically generate presentations of repository contents, through, for example, search results, which reveal such relations to readers. Such presentations must reflect properties of information objects such that large sets of information objects appear as a coherent whole. An approach to this is generation of discourse structures that convey such properties of information objects in presentations. Semantic Web technology provides a conceptual basis for generation of discourse in Web-based information environments. This paper describes automatic generation of sequence and emphasis in presentations of information objects. It shows generation of object sequences and emphasi

On the microfoundations of the link between classroom social norms and behavioral development

This article focuses on the link between social norms and behavioral development as presented in research on norms regarding bullying and aggression. The aim is to present a conceptual framework for how classroom norms may explain children's decisions to defend others or refrain from defending. Norms emerge from group consensus about what is appropriate in given social circumstances, and can also shape, constrain, and redirect behavior at the individual level. The study of norms has gained much attraction in peer relation research, and has turned attention to group-level processes, often defined at the classroom level, which create and sustain shared meanings that impact behavioral and social adjustment. Norm conformity, pluralistic ignorance, and power balance are presented as potential micro-level mechanisms for the link between classroom popularity (or rejection) norms and defending behavior. Directions for further research are discussed, including the need to assess and test the microfoundations directly, examine gender-specific versus common norms, focus on competing classroom norms, test developmental effects of norms, examine the impact of teachers on social norms, and pay attention to the influence of personal norms

Differences in Adolescents' Alcohol Use and Smoking Behavior between Educational Tracks:Do Popularity Norms Matter?

Explanations about differences in drinking and smoking rates between educational tracks have so far mainly focused on factors outside the classroom. The extent to which these behaviors are rewarded with popularity within a classroom—so called popularity norms—and their interaction with individual characteristics could explain the observed differences in risk behavior. 1860 adolescents (M(age) = 13.04; 50% girls) from 81 different classrooms reported three times during one academic year about their own and their classmates behavior. Overall, in vocational tracks popularity norms for alcohol and smoking were more positive and predicted classroom differences in alcohol and smoking. Knowledge about classroom processes can advance the field in unraveling the functional aspects of risk behavior in adolescence. Preregistration: The hypotheses and the analytical plan of this study were preregistered under number #39136 (https://aspredicted.org/blind.php?x=gx77p6)

35224 Identifying a correlation between preceding trauma and development of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: A review of the literature

Background: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a malignant fibrohistiocytic neoplasm that is slow-growing, has low metastatic potential, and is locally infiltrative with a predisposition for recurrence. The development of DFSP can occur spontaneously, but anecdotal evidence suggests a correlation between preceding injury and tumor onset. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and web of science for articles with unambiguous reporting of DFSP with a history of physical trauma. Of 139 identified articles, 23 (17%) met criteria and were analyzed. Results: In total, 52 patients were reported as having had some form of physical trauma prior to DFSP development, and of these, sex was reported for half (40% men; 60% women). The mean (standard deviation) age at time of diagnosis was 42 (14) years, and lesions ranged from 1 to 20 cm. Involved locations included the trunk (62%), lower extremities (19%), upper extremities (12%), and head/neck (8%). The median (range) time between injury and self-reported lesion was 10 (1-19) years, while the median (range) time between injury and DFSP diagnosis was 10 (2-41) years. Types of injuries reported included tattoos (most common), vaccinations/injections, burns, surgeries, radiation, insect bites, and various levels of minor to blunt force. Discussion: A subset of DFSP cases arise in the setting of prior cutaneous trauma, which may play a role in their pathogenesis. Recognition of this possibility is important to avoid misdiagnosis (i.e., hypertrophic scar or keloid) or delay in diagnosis

Clustering semantics for hypermedia presentation

Semantic annotations of media repositories make relationships among the stored media and relevant concepts explicit. However, these relationships and the media they join are not directly presentable as hypermedia. Previous work shows how clustering over the annotations in the repositories can determine hypermedia presentation structure. Here we explore the application of different clustering techniques to generating hypermedia interfaces to media archives. This paper also describes the effect of each type of clustering on the end user's experience. We then generalize and unify these techniques with the use of proximity measures in further improving generated presentation structur